Headlines at the World Socialist Web Site today:
1. Stop Israel’s imperialist-backed starvation of the Palestinians in Gaza!
The horrifying scenes of starvation from Gaza being broadcast around the world recall the darkest periods in human history. Israel’s genocide of the Palestinians, backed by the European and North American imperialist powers, is a crime against humanity comparable with the Nazis’ “final solution” of European Jewry—the Holocaust.
Kim has been held by the immigration police for nearly two weeks. He is not accused of any crime, is a legal permanent resident and has lived in the United States since he was five years old. He is currently pursing his PhD in infectious disease at Texas A&M University.
None of this prevented him from being kidnapped by immigration agents earlier this month and sent, according to his lawyers, to an Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) detention facility in Arizona.
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In Thursday’s press conference Sharon Lee, Kim’s mother, said through a translator that the family has been given no reason as to why Kim has been kidnapped and imprisoned. CBP has refused to communicate with the family and denied Kim access to lawyers while he was held at the San Francisco International Airport.
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According to Kim’s lawyers, Karl Krooth and Eric Lee, Kim was initially held virtually incommunicado for over a week at San Francisco International Airport upon returning from a family wedding in South Korea on Monday, July 21.
The conditions Kim has been suffering under are nothing less than torture. For more than a week at the airport, which is not a detention facility, Kruth said Kim was constantly moved back and forth between two different areas of the airport, neither of which had access to natural light or fresh air. While at the airport, Kim was denied access to speak to a lawyer and only briefly spoke to one family member.
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Lee said it wasn’t until the Washington Post covered Kim’s imprisonment in a July 29 article that the immigration police allowed him to meet with his client.
Lee explained:
... a critical democratic principle is at stake in this case. It goes far beyond Will and his family as important as they are. The Constitution applies to the people, not to citizens alone. The Bill of Rights refers only to the people … Even the Supreme Court has acknowledged this.
And the protections of the Bill of Rights do not simply wash away like watercolor when a green card holder briefly leaves the United States and returns. The manner in which Customs and Border Protection held Will incommunicado for over a week and denied him his most basic rights as a member of the people of this country should shock us … because it tells us something deeply concerning about the attitude of this administration to the Constitution, which Trump attempted to overthrow on January 6, 2021, and which he later said he planned to terminate.
Lee noted that the leadership at the Department of Homeland Security and Trump administration officials have “consistently denounced journalists, lawyers and activists for comparing ICE and Customs and Border Patrol protection to the Gestapo.” He continued:
Well, this case highlights the fact that the comparison is unfortunately quite apt. There’s another dark historical connection. For decades, the United States government in San Francisco, on Angel Island and elsewhere, exercised a policy of depriving Asian immigrants and Asian American citizens of their most basic democratic rights while coming into the United States.
This dark historical period is being washed up again by this administration and this case exemplifies it as well. So because there has been no serious opposition to any of this from within the political establishment, the Democratic Party has been totally silent and has refused to do anything to oppose Trump’s attack on immigrants, our appeal is to you, the population of the United States. We think that that is the people of this country have to stand up and take mass action to defend the most basic democratic rights and to stop the descent to dictatorship.
3. Shamenia Stewart-Adams, widow of Ronald Adams Sr.: “Our family is demanding the truth”
Shamenia Stewart-Adams, the widow of Ronald Adams Sr, delivered powerful remarks to the public hearing held in Detroit Sunday, July 27, on the rank-and-file investigation into the death of her husband at the Dundee Engine Complex.
"Our family deserves to know the truth, and I am demanding the truth. Our family is demanding the truth. Not just for myself and our children, but for every family who has ever suffered in silence."
4. Syria threatened with carve up as redivision of Middle East draws closer
Last December, the US—and its regional allies—celebrated the rout of Syrian President Bashar al-Assad’s regime at the hands of al-Qaeda offshoot and US-designated foreign terrorist organization Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS).
Its jihadist leader and soon-to-be President Ahmad al-Sharaa had a $10 million US bounty on his head. Virtually overnight, Al-Sharaa and HTS became the darlings of Western media outlets, offering the arrival of democracy and peace to Syria.
Washington views al-Sharaa and HTS, which the US and Turkey had supported, as a bulwark against Iran and Russia’s return to influence in Syria. Control over Syria would be a key element in countering China’s growing economic influence in the Middle East and reasserting the US’s position as the dominant external economic and political power in the Middle East, with its energy resources and strategically important trade routes to the Eurasian landmass.
Moreover, the antagonistic interests of the imperialist powers and the regional powers of Israel, Turkey and the Gulf states that have backed Sharaa in their bid to control Syria has the potential to ignite further waves of bloody sectarian violence and precipitate the fragmentation of the country that itself could ignite a region-wide conflagration.
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Earlier this month, more than 1,400 people, mainly Druze, were killed in armed clashes between Druze groups and Bedouin tribes in the southern province of Sweida, triggered by a seemingly minor dispute over the cargo of a vegetable truck at a checkpoint. More than 170,000 people were displaced from their homes and essential services left in ruins. Al-Sharaa, thinking he had Washington’s support in asserting regime control, sent in the army to support the Bedouin against the Druze.
Israeli forces intervened—under the pretext of preventing “hostile forces” approaching its border, later switching to “supporting the Druze”—in a bid to remove Syrian forces from the region that Netanyahu had demanded remain demilitarised. It carried out more 160 aerial strikes across southern Syria and bombed Syrian General Staff headquarters and targets close to the presidential palace in central Damascus. The clashes prompted Jordan to deploy forces to its border with Syria to prevent the clashes spreading into its territory.
The conflict has led to a major humanitarian crisis in the province.
US officials were reportedly taken aback by Israel’s intervention, with Secretary of State Marco Rubio declaring that the situation was “complicated” and that it “looks like a misunderstanding”. After “talks with all parties”, he called on Syria to withdraw its troops “to allow for a de-escalation,” while warning that the conflict was a “direct threat to efforts to help build a peaceful and stable Syria.” The State Department later said, “The US did not support recent Israeli airstrikes”, in effect warning Israel to keep out of Syria’s sectarian politics that might endanger American interests.
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As with all such conflicts in the Middle East, the Socialist Equality Group, Turkish section of the International Committee of the Fourth International has stressed, “The only way forward in Syria, devastated by a regime-change war supported by imperialism and now the scene of a dangerous power struggle between various regional and local forces, is through an international socialist perspective that will unite all workers beyond ethnic, religious, or sectarian divisions in the struggle for workers’ power against imperialism.”
Striking workers at Butler Hospital in Providence, Rhode Island, have delivered a resounding rebuke to management, voting by an overwhelming 98 percent to reject the hospital’s “last, best and final offer” and taking a stand against the ruthless dictates of profit-driven healthcare. This decisive vote, announced on July 30, comes amid what is now the longest hospital strike in Rhode Island history.
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The struggle at Butler Hospital is part of a national and indeed global assault on healthcare workers and public health systems driven by capitalist interests and austerity. This crisis hits particularly hard in psychiatric care.
6. German government adopts 2026 budget: Rearmament and social cutbacks
Finance Minister [Lars] Klingbeil is earmarking vast sums to make the Bundeswehr (Armed Forces) “fit for war,” to build Germany into the largest military power in Europe, and to continue the war against Russia. These funds are to be recouped at the expense of working people, pensioners and the disadvantaged, as well as from education and healthcare. The enrichment of the wealthy at the expense of the majority, which has already reached grotesque proportions, is to proceed unchecked.
7. Worker killed at Michigan LG Energy battery plant
The Michigan Occupational Safety and Health Administration (MIOSHA) gave this terse summary; the “34-year-old senior researcher was installing and setting up a machine at a customer location when the machine activated, and the victim was caught between the frame and the lifting mechanism.” MIOSHA is currently investigating, according to police, since machinery being serviced is legally required to be disabled following lockout/tagout procedures.
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[Kim Jung ] Won’s death sheds light on a troubling pattern of safety neglect at LG Energy Solutions Michigan. Several current and former LG employees posted their opposition to hazardous working conditions that prioritize task completion over employee safety. A worker denounced the cruel and callous manner in which the company continued production immediately after the accident. “They stopped in that area, washed the brain matter off the wall and went right back to work. What a joke.”
Chris Smalls, the founder of the Amazon Labor Union in the United States, was among those kidnapped by the Israel Defense Forces last Saturday while attempting to reach Gaza by sea with humanitarian supplies.
According to the Freedom Flotilla Coalition, which organized the voyage, 21 civilians were abducted aboard the Handala, the vessel traveling to Gaza. Smalls was “physically assaulted by seven uniformed individuals,” a statement from the group said. “They choked him and kicked him in the legs, leaving visible signs of violence on his neck and back.”
Smalls appears to have been deliberately singled out. “When his lawyer met with him, Christian was surrounded by six members of Israel’s special police unit. This level of force was not used against other abducted activists.”
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On Thursday, Smalls and Hatem Aouini of Tunisia, the last two crew members still imprisoned, were finally released. They had been on hunger strike for more than five days to protest their violent treatment by the Israeli government.
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The World Socialist Web Site denounces this latest criminal assault by Israel. We call on the workers of the United States and the world to organize actions to halt the flow of weapons into Israel being used to commit genocide in the Gaza Strip.
Responsibility rests not only with the fascistic Netanyahu government in Israel, but the entire political establishment in the United States and in Europe. In America, both parties have spent the last two years brutally attacking mass demonstrations against the genocide; in Europe, governments are taking steps to illegalize even speaking in support of pro-Palestinian organizations. The cynical pretext for this is the false equation of opposition to the genocide and to Zionism with antisemitism, an insult to the memory of the 6 million Jews who perished in the Holocaust.
9. Germany deports family to Iraq despite legal ruling declaring they can remain
In the early hours of July 22, the Qassim family, including four young children, were violently awakened. Police officers immediately took them to the Leipzig/Halle Airport, where they were forced to board a plane to Baghdad for deportation to Iraq.
That same morning, the Potsdam Administrative Court granted an emergency application to stop their deportation, ruling that their obligation to leave the country was invalid. The family should therefore be allowed to stay in Germany. The court ruling, however, came while they were already on a plane to Baghdad.
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This deportation is not an isolated incident. In Hesse, the Afghan Kapoor family was deported to India (!) in April, even though they too were well integrated and their two sons had been attending school in Frankfurt for years. Another example concerns a daycare teacher from Offenbach who was deported to Afghanistan, despite support from her colleagues.
Since the fall of the Assad regime in Damascus, a particularly large number of Syrians have been deported, even though the situation in their homeland has by no means stabilized. Most of the Syrians who came to Germany are well integrated and indispensable as workers. The German government is increasingly adopting the policies of the AfD.
The Socialist Equality Party rejects all deportations and categorically opposes the attacks on refugees and migrants. These deportations are an attack on the entire working class. Workers with German passports must, as a matter of principle, defend their international colleagues! Refugees are only the first victims. The deportations are the flip side of the Merz government’s war policy, the costs of which are ultimately intended to be borne by the entire working class.
With public funding for arts already at meager levels, arts and cultural organizations across Michigan and nationally are being staggered by the loss of federal funding as the Trump administration moves to shut down the National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH) and the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA). In mid-July the US Senate voted to eliminate funding for public broadcasting as well, including money that had already been allocated.
According to a report in the Detroit Free Press, the Detroit Opera suffered a fall in contributions from fiscal 2023–2024 of $1,889,226, primarily due to a loss of $1,744,477 from government grants. Public donations in the same period also fell by $145,749.
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By and large, Americans, even those who can afford the price of admission, lack access to cultural institutions that expose them to the classical repertoire and to the musical achievements of the past. This inevitably restricts musical understanding and progress, as only aspiring musicians who grow up in the largest cities even have direct access to the most musically complex expressions.
The cultural deterioration and crisis in the US did not happen overnight, with the election of the culturally depraved ignoramus currently occupying the White House, but it has been ongoing for many decades.
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The struggle to elevate the general level of culture includes the tasks of expanding access to culture for the entire working class, improving the quality and availability of musical education for young artistically inclined workers, and preserving and reproducing the most poignant, sensitive and technically brilliant achievements in musical history at the highest professional level. None of this can be achieved without the intervention of the working class to secure the appropriate allocation of resources for the preservation and progress of classical music and musical culture more broadly.
11. Japanese prime minister under pressure to resign
An inner-party conflict has emerged in the LDP. Already a minority government in parliament’s lower house since the general election last October, significant sections of the LDP are openly turning against Ishiba. No government has lost its majorities in both houses of parliament, known as the National Diet, and remained in power since the LDP’s founding in 1955.
The moves against Ishiba go beyond a simple electoral loss. Party confidence in Ishiba is rapidly declining as the government confronts Trump’s tariffs and economic demands on Japan amid the US-led drive to war against China, an economic slowdown and growing discontent among workers and youth over declining living conditions.
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Ishiba’s removal would resolve none of the issues facing the government. Washington is demanding that Tokyo raise military spending to five percent of GDP more than doubling the current increase from one to two percent that is already underway. Washington has also demanded that Tokyo make explicit that Japan would join a war against China over Taiwan.
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The tariffs and the demands for even further militarization mean that the squeeze will be put on workers even as they deal with the soaring cost-of-living costs, including rice prices that have doubled since last year.
None of the establishment parties in Tokyo has any progressive solutions to the crisis that is gripping the Japanese ruling class. Whatever Ishiba’s particular fate, the result is likely to be a further drive to the right.
12. Facing attacks from billionaires, Mamdani reassures ruling class by embracing police
The New York City financial and political establishment has escalated its campaign against Zohran Mamdani, the Democratic Party nominee for mayor, since his upset primary victory over former governor Andrew Cuomo on June 24. In response, Mamdani, a member of the Democratic Socialists of America (DSA), has scrambled to show the ruling class that it has nothing to fear from him.
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In recent weeks, Mamdani has been conducting a behind-the-scenes charm offensive, meeting with executives from Uber, Pfizer, Hearst, Loews and other corporate giants. At a closed-door gathering hosted by the real estate conglomerate Tishman Speyer, Mamdani also signaled his willingness to retain NYPD Commissioner Jessica Tisch, daughter of billionaire James Tisch.
Earlier this month, Mamdani signaled his further integration into the Democratic Party establishment with the appointment of former Democratic National Committee political director Jeffrey Lerner as his communications chief. Lerner previously served in the Obama White House and helped coordinate Obama’s 2012 re-election campaign, and also worked under Cuomo when he was New York state attorney general.
A significant faction of the ruling class is opposed to the election of Mamdani—not so much because of the candidate himself, but out of fear of the popular sentiments behind his primary victory. This surprise result has unnerved a political and financial establishment that views any expression of mass discontent as a threat to its control over the political system.
Coming just days after Columbia University’s public capitulation to the Trump administration’s witch hunt against anti-genocide protests, the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) announced early Tuesday, July 29, that it had agreed to pay $6 million to settle a lawsuit brought by Zionist faculty and students.
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The joint statement issued by UCLA and the plaintiffs declared they were “pleased with the terms of today’s settlement,” and added that the university “has agreed to demonstrate real progress in the fight against antisemitism.” In reality, this is a politically motivated capitulation that lends state legitimacy to a false narrative, while covering up a campaign of brutal violence and state repression directed against peaceful student protesters.
Despite the lawsuit’s baseless assertions, the actual victims of violence and discrimination at UCLA were not the Zionist plaintiffs, but the students and faculty who participated in the anti-genocide encampment. The pivotal event was the fascistic mob attack that took place during the night of April 30 to May 1, 2024, when pro-Israel vigilantes, some masked and armed, descended on the UCLA encampment and viciously beat the students inside.
14. Kremlin steps up internet censorship
In the years leading up to the invasion of Ukraine, the Russian state further improved its ability to block and monitor the internet. Just before the beginning of the war, the news agencies Meduza and Dozhd, which are both associated with the NATO-backed liberal opposition in the oligarchy, were blocked. Since the start of the war, Putin's regime has banned Facebook, Instagram, Twitter/X, Signal, Discord, and slowed down YouTube. Amazon Web Services, an important cloud service for the IT industry, was also blocked. Starting in 2023, the blocking of popular VPN services intensified, and laws related to VPNs began to be tightened.
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As long as Russia is ruled by a class of billionaire gangsters who are living off the export of raw materials and profiting from the war in Ukraine, while seeking to strike a deal with imperialism, workers are confronted with an existential threat. Through its bankrupt policies, the oligarchy is, in fact, contributing in every way to the ruin of the country and the outbreak of a third world war.
15. Students speak out about impact of Australian university job cuts
These cuts, on top of years of under-funding and corporate-style restructuring, are having a serious impact on students, who also face Labor government-backed attacks on anti-genocide protests and free speech, including arrests and suspensions of students.
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The Western Sydney University and Macquarie University Rank-and-File Committees will host an online public meeting this Saturday August 2 at 3pm, titled “What is driving the university job cuts across Australia? Labor’s pro-corporate and war agenda.”
To join the meeting, please register here.
16. Sri Lankan SEP and estate workers action committee intensifies defence of victimised Alton workers
The Socialist Equality Party (SEP) and Alton Estate Workers Action Committee (AEWAC) in Sri Lanka are stepping up their campaign to defend the 26 victimized workers from the Alton Estate in the Maskeliya area of the central plantation district. Police filed criminal charges against the workers on May 28.
The workers were involved in a national plantation strike for higher wages on February 5, 2021. They continued their action at Alton Estate to oppose ongoing harassment by the estate manager. Following a protest near the manager’s residence on February 17, 2021, the manager and his assistant complained to the police, claiming that they were physically harmed by workers.
The police arrested dozens of workers, while the Horana Plantation Company (HRPC), which manages the estate, summarily sacked 38 over the same false allegations. Local leaders of the Ceylon Workers Congress (CWC), the main plantation union, participated in the witch hunt.
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The SEP and AEWAC calls on workers in Sri Lanka and internationally to defend the victimized Alton Estate workers and support the fight for their immediate and unconditional reinstatement with full back pay.
Workers can only fight for their social and democratic rights as part of a unified political struggle of the working class against the capitalist system and for the establishment of a workers’ and peasants’ government that nationalizes major industries, banks and estates, placing them under the democratic control of the working class.
17. Vernon, California: The company town where Brayan Neftali Otoniel Canu Joj was killed
The “city” of Vernon shows, in an extreme form, the domination of every aspect of society by the capitalist ruling elite. The city’s 1,800 businesses each employ between 50 to 55,000 workers, but Vernon has only 222 residents.
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With so few residents, mostly renters in city-owned housing, Vernon operates as a de facto company town, subordinating community health, worker safety and governance to corporate profit.
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Vernon’s tiny population, confined to roughly 78 to 100 housing units with only 7 percent home ownership, is sharply segregated from the tens of thousands who labor in hazardous industries. Most residents work in office or managerial positions. Historically, city-owned housing ensured residents’ loyalty to the industrial-political regime, with the first private residential development emerging only in 2015 as a token reform.
This corrupt regime was exposed in 2009 when then-Mayor Leonora Malburg was convicted of voter fraud. Officials flagrantly misappropriated funds; some earned over $600,000 annually through “quintuple-dipping.”
In 2011, the California State Assembly nearly disincorporated Vernon over corruption. A last-minute deal spared it, with $60 million in concessions, but the industrial stranglehold endures.
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Vernon touts itself as immigrant-friendly, publicly refusing to assist ICE and partnering with immigrant rights groups. But this façade conceals deep complicity in exploiting undocumented workers.
But federal raids continue across Southern California, terrorizing immigrant workers into silence. Immigrant workers, forming the backbone of Vernon’s industrial labor force, live in fear, their legal precarity exploited to suppress resistance and maximize profits.
Today, the city council is composed of five Latino politicians—four women and one man—including Mayor Leticia Lopez. They are all Vernon residents. Far from representing a break with Vernon’s legacy of exploitation, this composition exposes the reactionary character of identity politics.
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Vernon is a concentrated expression of the dictatorship wielded by the capitalist ruling elite. It must be opposed by the independent mobilization of the working class, fighting for workers’ control over safety and other social decisions affecting the lives of millions.
18. 12,000 workers protest as German auto supplier ZF plans massive job cuts
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After several years of losses and high debts due to multibillion-dollar acquisitions, particularly in the US, the board of directors announced last summer it would eliminate up to 14,000 jobs in Germany by the end of 2028. This corresponds to approximately one in four ZF jobs in Germany.
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The current crisis in the auto industry is part of a global attack on the working class. Jobs are being destroyed all over the world, social gains and democratic rights are being eroded, and the working class is being attacked head on. The money saved is being used to finance genocide, war and insane levels of rearmament.
This is also the case in Germany. While the German government is pouring hundreds of billions of euros into rearmament and war, the jobs massacre is escalating in the auto, supplier, chemical, steel and other key industries. The unions are ensuring that the job cuts go smoothly and that any resistance is nipped in the bud by isolating the affected workforces.
The German arms industry, on the other hand, is making fantastic profits. Arms manufacturers are reporting bulging order books. The new government agreed special fund for war of over a trillion euros is expected to cause the profits of Rheinmetall and other arms companies to explode even more than they have done already.
19. Angola’s MPLA regime kills 22 anti-austerity protestors, arrests 1,200 (video included)
At least 22 people have been killed, hundreds injured, and more than 1,200 arrested in some of the largest protests Angola has seen since the end of its civil war in 2002.
The protests erupted in response to austerity measures imposed by the long-ruling Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA) government at the behest of the International Monetary Fund (IMF).
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Fuel subsidies have served as a lifeline in Angola, helping the population afford basic goods. But under IMF demands, the government is phasing them out. This follows subsidy cuts initiated in 2023 and April 2024, which raised gasoline prices by about 87 percent in June 2023 and diesel prices by 48 percent in April 2024. The Finance Ministry aims to eliminate all fuel subsidies by the end of 2025 to reduce the budget deficit and meet debt obligations, which stand at approximately $58 billion, accounting for 63 percent of the country’s GDP.
At a press briefing in March 2024, the IMF stated: “The removal of subsidies is very important to ensure fiscal consolidation.” The IMF cynically emphasised the critical need for “good strategic communication and mitigation measures aimed at the poorest sections of the population.”
Angola’s deepening crisis is rooted in the collapse of global oil prices since 2015 and declining domestic production. Although it remains sub-Saharan Africa’s second-largest oil producer, the vast revenues generated have enriched only a narrow elite in the MPLA and their foreign backers. Over half the population lives below the poverty line, unemployment stands at nearly 30 percent, youth unemployment surpasses 50 percent in some areas, and inflation neared 20 percent in June. Public services are in ruins.
What began as a protest against subsidy withdrawals has now become an uprising against decades of social misery.
20. Anger erupts as strike by 2,100 miners in Turkey is effectively banned
President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan has issued a decree postponing for 60 days the strike by 2,100 miners scheduled to begin on Friday August 1, on the grounds that it would be “disruptive to national security”.
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Since coming to power in 2002, Erdoğan’s Justice and Development Party (AKP) has issued at least 22 strike postponement decrees, effectively banning over 200,000 workers from striking. If strikes continue, it is highly likely that the government will ban them in the coming period, and that the bourgeois state’s repressive apparatus will be used against workers.
Last week, workers at the nuclear power plant construction site in Akkuyu, Mersin, protested against their working conditions and months of unpaid wages, while gendarmes attacked them with water cannon vehicles and batons. The workers’ attempts to repel the attack and their resistance are evidence of a growing militant spirit.
21. United Kingdom: Wes Streeting boasts of Labour government’s war on resident doctors
Labour’s Health Secretary Wes Streeting chose the end of a five-day strike by 50,000 resident doctors in England to declare war against them for seeking pay restoration.
Writing in the July 30 Guardian, Streeting threatened one for the largest groups of medics in the National Health Service: “It should be clear to the BMA by now that it will lose a war with this government.”
Such language from a government minister has not been heard since Margaret Thatcher’s declaration that the miners were “the enemy within” during the 1984–85 national strike.
22. Workers Struggles: Europe, Middle East & Africa
France:
Pharmacists continue work-to-rule over financial threat to state-funded provision of medicine
Italy:
Public transport workers in Sardinia strike over inadequate working conditions
Portugal:
Aviation services workers in series of strikes for improved pay and conditions
United Kingdom:
Train drivers in Hull vote to continues series of strikes over sacking of driver
Workers at hotel chain in Glasgow, Scotland to strike over pay and conditions
Iran:
Continuing protests as economic conditions deteriorate
Israel:
Airport workers at Israeli airport strike over staff shortages
Liberia:
Truck drivers hold protest over control of routes being privatized
Nigeria:
Doctors in Lagos hold three-day strike over pay deductions
Nurses and midwives begin national strike
South Africa:
Pilots at airline FlySafair continue stoppage over pay and safety
23. Free Ukrainian socialist and anti-war activist, Bogdan Syrotiuk!
Bogdan Syrotiuk
